Piano Key Frequencies Information
This is a virtual keyboard showing the absolute frequencies in hertz (cycles per second) of the notes on a modern piano (typically containing 88 keys) in twelve-tone equal temperament, with the 49th key, the fifth A (called A4), tuned to 440 Hz (referred to as A440). Each successive pitch is derived by multiplying (ascending) or dividing (descending) the previous by the twelfth root of two (approximately 1.05946309435929...). For example, to get the frequency a semitone up from A4 (A♯4), multiply 440 by the twelfth root of two. To go from A4 to B4 (up a whole tone, or two semitones), multiply 440 twice by the twelfth root of two. For other tuning schemes refer to musical tuning.
This list of frequencies is for a theoretically ideal piano. On an actual piano the ratio between semitones is slightly larger, especially at the high and low ends, where string stiffness causes inharmonicity, i.e., the tendency for the harmonic makeup of each note to run sharp. To compensate for this, octaves are tuned slightly wide, stretched according to the inharmonic characteristics of each instrument. This deviation from equal temperament is called the Railsback curve.
The following equation will give the frequency f of the nth key, as shown in the table:
Alternatively, this can be written as:
Virtual keyboard
An 88-key piano, with the octaves numbered and Middle C (cyan) and A440 (yellow) highlighted.| Key number | Helmholtz name | Scientific name | Frequency (Hz) | Corresponding Open Strings | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Violin | Viola | Cello | Bass | Guitar | ||||
| 88 | c′′′′′ 5-line octave | C8 Eighth octave | 4186.01 | |||||
| 87 | b′′′′ | B7 | 3951.07 | |||||
| 86 | a♯′′′′/b♭′′′′ | A♯7/B♭7 | 3729.31 | |||||
| 85 | a′′′′ | A7 | 3520.00 | |||||
| 84 | g♯′′′′/a♭′′′′ | G♯7/A♭7 | 3322.44 | |||||
| 83 | g′′′′ | G7 | 3135.96 | |||||
| 82 | f♯′′′′/g♭′′′′ | F♯7/G♭7 | 2959.96 | |||||
| 81 | f′′′′ | F7 | 2793.83 | |||||
| 80 | e′′′′ | E7 | 2637.02 | |||||
| 79 | d♯′′′′/e♭′′′′ | D♯7/E♭7 | 2489.02 | |||||
| 78 | d′′′′ | D7 | 2349.32 | |||||
| 77 | c♯′′′′/d♭′′′′ | C♯7/D♭7 | 2217.46 | |||||
| 76 | c′′′′ 4-line octave | C7 Double high C | 2093.00 | |||||
| 75 | b′′′ | B6 | 1975.53 | |||||
| 74 | a♯′′′/b♭′′′ | A♯6/B♭6 | 1864.66 | |||||
| 73 | a′′′ | A6 | 1760.00 | |||||
| 72 | g♯′′′/a♭′′′ | G♯6/A♭6 | 1661.22 | |||||
| 71 | g′′′ | G6 | 1567.98 | |||||
| 70 | f♯′′′/g♭′′′ | F♯6/G♭6 | 1479.98 | |||||
| 69 | f′′′ | F6 | 1396.91 | |||||
| 68 | e′′′ | E6 | 1318.51 | |||||
| 67 | d♯′′′/e♭′′′ | D♯6/E♭6 | 1244.51 | |||||
| 66 | d′′′ | D6 | 1174.66 | |||||
| 65 | c♯′′′/d♭′′′ | C♯6/D♭6 | 1108.73 | |||||
| 64 | c′′′ 3-line octave | C6 Soprano C (High C) | 1046.50 | |||||
| 63 | b′′ | B5 | 987.767 | |||||
| 62 | a♯′′/b♭′′ | A♯5/B♭5 | 932.328 | |||||
| 61 | a′′ | A5 | 880.000 | |||||
| 60 | g♯′′/a♭′′ | G♯5/A♭5 | 830.609 | |||||
| 59 | g′′ | G5 | 783.991 | |||||
| 58 | f♯′′/g♭′′ | F♯5/G♭5 | 739.989 | |||||
| 57 | f′′ | F5 | 698.456 | |||||
| 56 | e′′ | E5 | 659.255 | E | ||||
| 55 | d♯′′/e♭′′ | D♯5/E♭5 | 622.254 | |||||
| 54 | d′′ | D5 | 587.330 | |||||
| 53 | c♯′′/d♭′′ | C♯5/D♭5 | 554.365 | |||||
| 52 | c′′ 2-line octave | C5 Tenor C | 523.251 | |||||
| 51 | b′ | B4 | 493.883 | |||||
| 50 | a♯′/b♭′ | A♯4/B♭4 | 466.164 | |||||
| 49 | a′ | A4 A440 | 440.000 | A | A | |||
| 48 | g♯′/a♭′ | G♯4/A♭4 | 415.305 | |||||
| 47 | g′ | G4 | 391.995 | |||||
| 46 | f♯′/g♭′ | F♯4/G♭4 | 369.994 | |||||
| 45 | f′ | F4 | 349.228 | |||||
| 44 | e′ | E4 | 329.628 | High E | ||||
| 43 | d♯′/e♭′ | D♯4/E♭4 | 311.127 | |||||
| 42 | d′ | D4 | 293.665 | D | D | |||
| 41 | c♯′/d♭′ | C♯4/D♭4 | 277.183 | |||||
| 40 | c′ 1-line octave | C4 Middle C | 261.626 | |||||
| 39 | b | B3 | 246.942 | B | ||||
| 38 | a♯/b♭ | A♯3/B♭3 | 233.082 | |||||
| 37 | a | A3 | 220.000 | A | ||||
| 36 | g♯/a♭ | G♯3/A♭3 | 207.652 | |||||
| 35 | g | G3 | 195.998 | G | G | G | ||
| 34 | f♯/g♭ | F♯3/G♭3 | 184.997 | |||||
| 33 | f | F3 | 174.614 | |||||
| 32 | e | E3 | 164.814 | |||||
| 31 | d♯/e♭ | D♯3/E♭3 | 155.563 | |||||
| 30 | d | D3 | 146.832 | D | D | |||
| 29 | c♯/d♭ | C♯3/D♭3 | 138.591 | |||||
| 28 | c small octave | C3 Low C | 130.813 | C | ||||
| 27 | B | B2 | 123.471 | |||||
| 26 | A♯/B♭ | A♯2/B♭2 | 116.541 | |||||
| 25 | A | A2 | 110.000 | A | ||||
| 24 | G♯/A♭ | G♯2/A♭2 | 103.826 | |||||
| 23 | G | G2 | 97.9989 | G | G | |||
| 22 | F♯/G♭ | F♯2/G♭2 | 92.4986 | |||||
| 21 | F | F2 | 87.3071 | |||||
| 20 | E | E2 | 82.4069 | Low E | ||||
| 19 | D♯/E♭ | D♯2/E♭2 | 77.7817 | |||||
| 18 | D | D2 | 73.4162 | D | ||||
| 17 | C♯/D♭ | C♯2/D♭2 | 69.2957 | |||||
| 16 | C great octave | C2 Deep C | 65.4064 | C | ||||
| 15 | B͵ | B1 | 61.7354 | |||||
| 14 | A♯͵/B♭͵ | A♯1/B♭1 | 58.2705 | |||||
| 13 | A͵ | A1 | 55.0000 | A | ||||
| 12 | G♯͵/A♭͵ | G♯1/A♭1 | 51.9131 | |||||
| 11 | G͵ | G1 | 48.9994 | |||||
| 10 | F♯͵/G♭͵ | F♯1/G♭1 | 46.2493 | |||||
| 9 | F͵ | F1 | 43.6535 | |||||
| 8 | E͵ | E1 | 41.2034 | E | ||||
| 7 | D♯͵/E♭͵ | D♯1/E♭1 | 38.8909 | |||||
| 6 | D͵ | D1 | 36.7081 | |||||
| 5 | C♯͵/D♭͵ | C♯1/D♭1 | 34.6478 | |||||
| 4 | C͵ contra-octave | C1 Pedal C | 32.7032 | |||||
| 3 | B͵͵ | B0 | 30.8677 | B (5-string) | ||||
| 2 | A♯͵͵/B♭͵͵ | A♯0/B♭0 | 29.1352 | |||||
| 1 | A͵͵ sub-contra-octave | A0 Double Pedal A | 27.5000 | |||||
See also
External links
- interactive piano frequency table — A php script allowing the reference pitch of A4 to be altered from 440 Hz.
- PySynth — A simple Python-based software synthesizer that prints the key frequencies table and then creates a few demo songs based on that table.
Categories:
|
)
561 x 1026px
[source page]
Fig.4: this piano keyboard